Look-see loop: Women shopping for bangles at a market in Karachi. — AFP
Layers of intricately decorated bangles are a staple fashion accessory for women in Pakistan, a carefully considered part of their Aidilfitri celebrations.
More than a dozen people can be involved in the making of a single bangle, from sweltering factories to the homes of designers who skilfully decorate them by hand.
“Whatever the fashion trends, when we attend any event and wear any outfit it feels incomplete without bangles,” said 42-year-old Talat Zahid, who uses beads, stitching and embroidery to embellish bangles.
In the lead-up to this week’s Aidilfitri festivities that mark the end of Ramadan, market stalls are adorned with a glittering array of colourful bangles, each turned over and inspected for their beauty and imperfections by women who haggle for a good price.
They are often sold by the dozen, starting at around 150 rupees (RM2.50) and rising to 1,000 rupees (RM17) as stones and silk are added.
Hyderabad is home to the delicate “churi” glass bangle, where a single furnace can produce up to 100 bangles an hour from molten glass wire shaped around an iron rod.
The work is arduous and frustrating – labourers are exposed to oppressive temperatures in unregulated factories prone to frequent power cuts, while the fragile glass threads can snap easily.
“The work is done without a fan. If we turn on the fan the fire is extinguished. So the heat intensity is high. As it becomes hotter our work slows down,” said 24-year-old Sameer, who followed his father into the industry and earns less than the minimum wage of 32,000 rupees (RM545) a month.
After the partition of British-ruled India in 1947, migrating Muslims who had produced bangles in the Indian city of Firozabad took their trade to Hyderabad – where hundreds of thousands of people rely on the industry.
But soaring gas prices after the government slashed subsidies have forced many factories to close or to operate at reduced hours.
“The speed at which the government has increased the gas prices and taxes, (means) the work in this area has started to shrink instead of expand,” said 50-year-old factory owner Muhammad Nafees. — AFP
