Fast fashion corporations with deep pockets have helped flood Instagram, TikTok and YouTube with sponsored posts. Photo: stocksnap.io
Masego Morgan was shocked when a fast fashion giant offered her US$1,000 (RM4,317) for a single social media post to promote its brand.
Not only had the South African social media star never been offered that kind of money, the company represents exactly what she is against: overconsumption of cheap, planet-harming clothing made by underpaid workers.
And she's not alone. Former Love Island contestant, Brett Staniland, said he was offered close to US$5,500 (RM23,740) for a post for a major fast fashion brand, the kind of money most small or sustainable brands simply can't compete with.
Content creators like Morgan and Staniland are promoting sustainable fashion online, where fast fashion corporations with deep pockets have helped flood Instagram, TikTok and YouTube with sponsored posts encouraging viewers to buy more stuff – largely at the expense of the planet.
This growing army of people are seeking to expose the environmental damage caused by huge fashion firms like Shein, H&M and Zara.
They also encourage climate-conscious fashion choices – what Morgan calls "mindful consumption" – asking people to buy less, or if you do have to buy, best if it's second-hand or ultra-sustainable.
"We shouldn't necessarily compete with (fast-fashion) in their way... their model is already unsustainable," said Morgan, whose TikTok and Instagram pages are full of playful posts bursting with upcycled and handmade items, many of which she features more than once.
Read more: Major fashion brands called out for exploiting factory workers during pandemic
'Mending is revolutionary'
Morgan started borrowing thrifted clothes from her stylish Japanese mother, who used to tell her that "mending is a revolutionary act", and encouraged her to repair clothes instead of buying new ones.
The 26-year-old, who posts much of her content from her Cape Town kitchen, said she tries to hold corporations accountable instead of making people feel guilty about their choices.
People like her are "agents of change", said Simone Cipriani, the chair of the UN Alliance for Sustainable Fashion and founder of the Ethical Fashion Initiative.
"They counter the negative influence of another kind of thing that you find on social media... overconsumption."
Social media has become enormously important for fashion brands, which can reach millions via "influencers" who show off their clothing in things like #outfitoftheday posts.
A mainstream "influencer" in a Western country can easily make six figures a year through sponsored content and affiliate links. And the more followers they have, the more they can charge brands.
Social media has helped boost fashion sales, with global consumption of clothing, footwear and accessories doubling since 2000, according to the Hot or Cool Institute think tank. But that has come at a steep price for the planet.
The clothing industry accounted for an estimated two percent of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2019 – about the same as the airline industry – according to the World Resources Institute (WRI).
Those emissions could increase by 55 percent by the end of the decade, it added. They would need to decrease by 45 percent to limit warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius as outlined in the Paris Agreement.
The environmental footprint of fashion production and consumption needs to be reduced by 60 percent in high-income countries to limit global warming, according to the Hot or Cool report.
As well as decarbonising the fashion industry, their advice is to buy no more than five new items a year and wear clothes for longer.
Read more: How the beauty industry is trying to change to accommodate disability
'Up against it'
Exposing the harmful impact of fast fashion corporations is at the core of Venetia La Manna's content.
The 33-year-old has garnered a massive following online, with some 6.5 million views on TikTok and Instagram for her "Recipe for Disaster" series about the social and environmental damage done by companies like Adidas, Amazon and Nike.
She makes a decent living and works with resale sites like Vestiaire Collective, eBay and Depop. But it's not always easy competing with others who have the backing of fast fashion.
"We're up against it in terms of money and power," she said in an interview, from London.
"In the past five years, I really do feel like this issue is on the map. It used to be that plastic and food were the main focus in conversations about our environment, but now fashion is really being talked about."
The secondhand apparel market is booming and is expected to hit US$218bil (RM941bil) by 2026, up from US$96bil (RM414bil) in 2021.
This is partly driven by an increasing number of resale and clothing rental firms catering to a growing class of conscious consumers.
Love Island star Staniland is hopeful that good-for-the-planet businesses will continue to grow on social media. And he's notched up a few wins.
The 29-year-old was instrumental in getting the show to switch their sponsor from fast fashion companies to eBay. But for now, it can be an uphill battle.
Like most people championing sustainability on social media, Staniland has to rely on multiple income streams.
After turning down the US$5,500 (RM23,740) from a fast fashion giant, he worked with an underwear brand he believes in, ONE Essentials, but still needs his modelling to pay the bills. – AFP
