Dr Jeyanthi: Limit children’s exposure to loud firecrackers, to protect their hearing.
THE festive season is a time of joy and celebration, marked by vibrant fireworks lighting up the sky.
However, behind the dazzling displays lies a hidden danger that often goes unnoticed – significant health risks particularly to the ears, nose and throat.
“While anyone can be affected by fireworks, certain groups are more vulnerable, including children, the elderly, pregnant women and people with respiratory or hearing conditions.
“I encourage everyone to be mindful of the potential dangers and take precautions to protect your health and that of your loved ones,” said Subang Jaya Medical Centre (SJMC) ear, nose and throat (ENT) consultant surgeon Dr Jeyanthi Kulasegarah.
Fireworks produce noise levels exceeding 150 decibels (dB), far above the safe hearing limit of 85dB, she said in a media statement.
“These loud bangs and explosive noises can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), ear pain or in extreme cases, a burst eardrum.
“Exposure to these high-decibel noises can cause both temporary and permanent hearing damage.”
Dr Jeyanthi further said the smoke and chemicals emitted by fireworks could cause throat irritation, bronchitis and exacerbate pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma.
“The fine particulate matter released can worsen allergies, triggering conditions such as rhinitis or sinusitis.
“When fireworks explode, they release chemicals and fine particles into the air.
“These include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), which can penetrate deep into the respiratory system.
“Inhaling these pollutants can cause throat and lung irritation, decreased lung function and inflammation of the respiratory tract,” said Dr Jeyanthi.
Additionally, metals used in fireworks to create various colours, such as barium, strontium and copper, are toxic when inhaled and can harm the environment, the specialist said.
She said studies showed that fireworks could significantly spike air pollution levels, with concentrations of harmful chemicals rising during celebrations.
To reduce health risks associated with fireworks, Dr Jeyanthi suggests using earplugs or noise-cancelling headphones during fireworks displays and keeping a safe distance from fireworks to avoid excessive noise exposure and smoke inhalation.
“If you are sensitive to smoke, stay indoors or wear a mask. Stay hydrated and use saline nasal sprays to clear your airways and minimise respiratory irritation.
“Low-noise fireworks are also encouraged for a safer celebration, particularly in residential areas,” she added.
According to the press statement, any of the following symptoms after being exposed to fireworks should be followed by medical attention:
> Severe ear pain, hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus);
> Difficulty breathing, wheezing or a persistent cough;
> Throat irritation, swelling or hoarseness;
> Nasal blockage, thick or smelly discharge from the nose;
> Facial burns or nasal injuries; and
> Dizziness or balance issues after exposure to loud noises.
The ENT specialist also advises parents to closely supervise children playing with fireworks, and teach them proper firework handling techniques, such as keeping a safe distance when lighting sparklers.
“Limit your children’s exposure to loud firecrackers to protect their hearing and encourage them to wear protective earplugs to minimise health risks,” said Dr Jeyanthi.
She urged individuals with respiratory issues to keep inhalers nearby, stay indoors when pollution levels rise, use air purifiers to improve indoor air quality and gargle with salt water to soothe the throat.
Meanwhile, those with hearing sensitivity should wear noise-cancelling earplugs or earmuffs to protect their ears, avoid areas with excessive noise and take breaks in quieter spaces to rest their ears.
