Under the supervision of KKR, JKR has developed the slope hazard and risk map to monitor slopes in Malaysia.—The Star
PETALING JAYA: Cracks in walls or floors, blocked drains, and tilting utility poles or fences – these are among the early warning signs of a landslide that people living near slopes need to watch out for, says the Mineral and Geoscience Department.
Its director-general Datuk Zamri Ramli said other warning signs are water seeping from slopes or pooling at the base of slopes, and visible cracks along their surface.
“Residents living near slopes should remain vigilant for these early warning signs of landslides, particularly during downpours,” he told The Star.
Parts of the country are currently experiencing heavy rain during the current northeast monsoon, raising the risk of landslides, especially at high-risk slopes.
Critical slopes identified nationwide
Zamri said 254 critical slopes were identified throughout the country last year, with 86 categorised as high-risk, 84 medium-risk, and 84 low-risk.
High-risk slopes demand immediate mitigation and restoration efforts, with maintenance required every four months.
Moderate-risk slopes should undergo restoration promptly with maintenance every six months, while low-risk slopes need monitoring every 18 months.
Zamri said the number of critical slopes nationwide was the same compared with 2023, while the number of high- and medium-risk slopes has fallen by 17.3% and 13.4%, respectively.
Sabah has the most critical slopes at 36, followed by Johor, Kelantan, Pahang, Terengganu, and Perak, each with 25.
Other states are Sarawak (21), Selangor (20), Negri Sembilan (19), Penang (14), Kedah (seven), Melaka (six), Perlis (four), and the Federal Territories (two).
While most states saw a reduction in the number of high-risk slopes, Selangor and Terengganu experienced an increase last year.
Selangor now has 15 high-risk slopes, up by one, while Terengganu saw an increase by two, bringing its total to 12.
The department’s figures show a total of 3,631 landslides over the past 64 years since 1961, including the 74 recorded last year.
It identified 31 landslide hotspots nationwide last year using data from the National Geospatial Terrain and Slope Information System (NaTSIS).
“The department gathers up-to-date information by periodically monitoring the identified critical slopes through field observations, including drone surveillance.
“The results of these monitoring activities are communicated to response agencies such as the National Disaster Management Agency, Fire and Rescue Department and other relevant technical departments,” Zamri said.
He added that four community-based disaster risk management programmes were conducted last year to raise the awareness of people living in landslide-prone areas on the possible dangers they face.
“Monitoring equipment has been set up at 28 critical slope locations to strengthen early warning systems.
“These include movement sensors, rain gauges, CCTV cameras, and sirens,” said Zamri, adding that these measures aim to enhance community preparedness and reduce risks to lives and property.
Reporting early signs
Early signs of landslides can be reported to local authorities or relevant agencies such as the Public Works Department, the Irrigation and Drainage Department, and the Forestry Department.
“We will provide geological input to relevant agencies through on-site assessments and recommend appropriate solutions.
“With community vigilance and robust monitoring systems, we can minimise the risk and impact of landslides,” Zamri said.
