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The media is commonly referred to as the Fourth Estate, acting as a bipartisan observer that reports on the functioning of the democratic process to the public. Within this framework, investigative journalism plays a crucial role in uncovering the truth, promoting transparency and accountability, and contributing towards the fight against corruption. It uses objective and professional journalism to reveal injustices and compel action to make those responsible accountable.
In 2016, the Panama Papers were released by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ). The papers exposed the complex methods certain companies and individuals used to conceal beneficial ownership of companies. The extensive investigation was a collaborative effort involving 370 journalists in 76 countries working in 25 languages. They exposed 143 politicians – including 12 national leaders – and their families and close associates from around the world who used offshore tax havens to avoid paying taxes and conceal their wealth via secretive offshore companies. Malaysians were also among the list of rich and powerful people exposed.
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